{"id":71,"date":"2007-05-06T23:34:36","date_gmt":"2007-05-06T21:34:36","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.gocmeniz.biz\/?p=71"},"modified":"2026-04-03T12:16:17","modified_gmt":"2026-04-03T09:16:17","slug":"71","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.gocmeniz.biz\/?p=71","title":{"rendered":"BULGAR\u0130STAN REHBER\u0130"},"content":{"rendered":"

Bulgaristan <\/strong><\/p>\n

Bulgar Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131 14. y\u00fczy\u0131l sonlar\u0131ndan itibaren yakla\u015f\u0131k 500 y\u0131l Osmanl\u0131 egemenli\u011finde kald\u0131. <\/strong><\/p>\n

1878’te ise Rusya’yla yap\u0131lan bir anla\u015fma uyar\u0131nca, \u00f6zerk Bulgar Prensli\u011fi kuruldu. Bu d\u00f6nemde b\u00f6lge \u00fczerinde de Rusya’n\u0131n n\u00fcfuzu etkiliydi.<\/p>\n

GENEL B\u0130LG\u0130LER<\/strong><\/p>\n

1944’te Sovyet birlikleri taraf\u0131ndan i\u015fgal edilen \u00fclkede, 1946’da yap\u0131lan bir referandum sonunda halk cumhuriyeti se\u00e7ince, Kral 2. Simeon ve ailesi \u00fclkeden ayr\u0131ld\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

Bunun ard\u0131ndan, kom\u00fcnist parti y\u00f6netimleri birbirini izledi. Kom\u00fcnist Parti lideri Todor Jivkov’un 35 y\u0131l s\u00fcren iktidar\u0131 ise 1954’te ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Jivkov y\u00f6netiminin son y\u0131llar\u0131nda, \u00f6zellikle T\u00fcrk az\u0131nl\u0131\u011fa y\u00f6nelik uygulamalar tart\u0131\u015fma konusu oldu.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrklerin Bulgarca isimler almaya zorlanmas\u0131yla d\u00fcnya kamuoyunun dikkatini \u00e7eken bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 sonunda, \u00fclkedeki onbinlerce T\u00fcrk 1989’da T\u00fcrkiye’ye g\u00f6\u00e7 etti.<\/p>\n

Bu olaylardan k\u0131sa s\u00fcre sonra ise Jivkov g\u00f6revden ayr\u0131lmak zorunda b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

Kom\u00fcnizm d\u00f6neminin sona ermesi ard\u0131ndan, Bulgaristan demokrasi ve piyasa ekonomisine ge\u00e7i\u015f i\u00e7in sanc\u0131l\u0131 bir d\u00f6nem ya\u015fad\u0131.<\/p>\n

1990’lar\u0131n ilk yar\u0131s\u0131 boyunca, Bulgaristan siyasi istikrars\u0131zl\u0131k ve grev dalgalar\u0131 ile sars\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bulgaristan Sosyalist Partisi ad\u0131n\u0131 alan Kom\u00fcnistler, siyasette hala \u00f6nemli bir n\u00fcfuz sahibiydi. Reformlar konusunda elle tutulur bir ilerleme sa\u011flanam\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n

Bulgaristan 1997 sonras\u0131nda ise \u0130van Kostov’un ba\u015fa gelmesi ile siyasi istikrara kavu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n

Kostov ise 2001 Haziran’\u0131nda yap\u0131lan genel se\u00e7imlerde, s\u00fcrg\u00fcnden d\u00f6nen ve AB ekonomik kriterlerini tutturmak i\u00e7in ekonomik reform s\u00f6z\u00fc veren Bulgaristan’\u0131n eski kral\u0131 \u0130kinci Simeon kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda yenilgiye u\u011frad\u0131.<\/p>\n

GENEL B\u0130LG\u0130LER<\/strong><\/p>\n

1995’te Avrupa Birli\u011fi’ne \u00fcyelik i\u00e7in ba\u015fvuran Bulgaristan, kat\u0131l\u0131m s\u00fcrecinde \u00f6zelikle ekonomik a\u00e7\u0131dan zorlansa da 1 Ocak 2007’de AB’ye tam \u00fcye oldu.<\/p>\n

Yolsuzluk, yarg\u0131n\u0131n zaaflar\u0131 ve Roma az\u0131nl\u0131\u011fa ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k konular\u0131 da Br\u00fcksel’i kayg\u0131land\u0131ran di\u011fer ba\u015fl\u0131klar.<\/p>\n

Br\u00fcksel – Sofya ili\u015fkilerinde bir di\u011fer tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 mesele, Kozluduy n\u00fckleer enerji santral\u0131n\u0131n durumu.<\/p>\n

Avrupa Birli\u011fi g\u00fcvenlik ko\u015fullar\u0131ndan duydu\u011fu kayg\u0131 nedeniyle bu santralin devre d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 istiyor.<\/p>\n

Santral Bulgaristan’\u0131n elektrik \u00fcretiminin yar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor ve \u00fclkeye d\u0131\u015fsat\u0131mdan milyonlarca dolarl\u0131k gelir kazand\u0131r\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Avrupa Birli\u011fi’nin \u0131srar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, Bulgaristan bu santralin en eski iki reakt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc 2002 y\u0131l\u0131 sonunda kapatmay\u0131 kabul etti.<\/p>\n

Bulgaristan’\u0131n Avrupa Birli\u011fi’ne 2004’te kat\u0131lacak \u00fclkeler listesine al\u0131nmamas\u0131 \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 bir geli\u015fme de\u011fildi.<\/p>\n

Ancak Avrupa Birli\u011fi, Sofya y\u00f6netiminin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 reformlar\u0131 ard\u0131ndan 2007’de birli\u011fe kat\u0131lmas\u0131na onay verdi.<\/p>\n

2002 Kas\u0131m ay\u0131nda yap\u0131lan Prag zirvesinde Bulgaristan’\u0131n NATO’ya \u00fcye olmak \u00fczere davet edilen 7 \u00fclkeden biri olmas\u0131, \u00fclkenin bat\u0131l\u0131 ittifaklar i\u00e7inde yer alma giri\u015fimleri a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan cesaret verici bir geli\u015fme oldu.<\/p>\n

L\u0130DERLER<\/strong><\/p>\n

Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131:<\/strong> Georgi Parvanov
\nBa\u015fbakan:<\/strong> Sergey Stani\u015fev<\/p>\n

Bulgaristan’da 2005 Haziran’\u0131nda d\u00fczenlenen genel se\u00e7im ard\u0131ndan haftalar s\u00fcren koalisyon pazarl\u0131klar\u0131 sonunda \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir koalisyon kuruldu.<\/p>\n

Sosyalist Parti lideri Sergey Stani\u015fev ba\u015fbakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki h\u00fck\u00fcmette liberal e\u011filimli II. Simeon i\u00e7in Halk Hareketi ve T\u00fcrk az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 temsil eden Hak ve \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckler Hareketi de yer ald\u0131.<\/p>\n

39 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki Stani\u015fev, siyasete 1989’da Kom\u00fcnist parti’ye kat\u0131larak ad\u0131m att\u0131.<\/p>\n

Ukrayna do\u011fumlu olan Stani\u015fev’in annesi de Rus.<\/p>\n

G\u00fclery\u00fcz\u00fcyle tan\u0131nan Bulgar siyaset\u00e7i, \u0130ngiltere’de uluslararas\u0131 ili\u015fkiler, Rusya’da tarih e\u011fitimi g\u00f6rd\u00fc.<\/p>\n

Stani\u015fev’in ba\u015fbakan olarak en \u00f6nemli \u00f6nceli\u011fi \u00fclkenin Avrupa Birli\u011fi’ne kat\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in gereken reformlar\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek.<\/p>\n

Gen\u00e7 Ba\u015fbakan yoksulluk ve yolsuzlukla m\u00fccadele etme ve istihdam yaratma s\u00f6z\u00fc verdi.<\/p>\n

Stani\u015fev’in se\u00e7im vaatlerinden biri de Irak’taki 370 askeri geri \u00e7ekmekti.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n